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Numbering System for State Appellate Defender Publications

CH. 1
ACCOUNTABILITY
§1-1 Generally
§1-2 Examples: Convictions Affirmed
§1-3 Examples: Convictions Reversed
CH. 2
APPEAL
§2-1 Right to
§2-2 Notice of Appeal
(a) Generally
(b) Timeliness
§2-3 Counsel
§2-4 State Appeals
(a) Generally
(b) Suppression Orders
§2-5
Record on Appeal
(a) For Indigents
(b) Sufficient Record
(c) Amendment or Correction
§2-6 Miscellaneous
(a) Issues Reviewable
(b) Mootness
(c) Costs
(d) Briefs
(e) Effect of Decisions
§2-7 Standard of Review (eff. June 1, 2002)

CH. 3
ARMED VIOLENCE
§3-1 Generally
§3-2 "Armed with a Dangerous Weapon"
§3-3 Double Enhancement and Improper Predicate Felonies
§3-4 Charging the Offense

CH. 4
ARSON

CH. 5
ATTEMPT

CH. 6
BAIL
§6-1 Generally
§6-2 As Fund for Costs, etc.
§6-3 Violations - Forfeiture
§6-4 On Appeal

CH. 7
BATTERY, ASSAULT & STALKING OFFENSES
§7-1
Battery & Assault
(a)(1) Generally
(a)(2) Bodily Harm
(a)(3) Status or Age of Victim
(a)(4) Use of Weapon
(a)(5) Public Way, Place of Amusement or Place of Accommodation
(a)(6) Self-defense
(b) Charging the Offense
§7-2
Stalking
(a) Constitutionality
(b) Sufficiency of Evidence

CH. 8
BURGLARY & RESIDENTIAL BURGLARY
§8-1 Generally
(a) Burglary
(b) Residential Burglary
(c) "Without Authority"
>
§8-2
Charging the Offense
§8-3 Attempt
§8-4 Possession of Burglary Tools
§8-5 Conviction Based on Possessing Stolen Property

CH. 9
COLLATERAL REMEDIES
§9-1 Post-Conviction Hearing Act
(a) Availability of Remedy
(b) Res Judicata - Waiver
(c) Procedure
(d) Counsel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(e) Record - Transcript
(f) Change of Judge

§9-2 Section 2-1401 Petitions (formerly CH. 110, §72)
§9-3 Mandamus, Prohibition, Supervisory Orders
§9-4 State Habeas Corpus
§9-5 Federal Habeas Corpus
(a) Generally
(b) Waiver, Exhaustion of State Remedies, and Successive Petitions
(c) Procedure
(d) Effect of Decisions and Retroactivity

CH. 10
CONFESSIONS
§10-1 Fifth Amendment Rights Generally
§10-2 Immunity
§10-3 Suppression Motions and Hearings
§10-4 Miranda Warnings
(a) Generally
(b) Non-Police Interrogation
(c) "In Custody"
(d) "Interrogation"
§10-5 Waiver of Rights
(a) Generally
(b) Interrogation After the Right to Counsel Attaches
(c) Interrogation After Request for Counsel
(d) Interrogation After Request to Remain Silent
§10-6 Voluntariness
(a) Generally
(b) Examples: Voluntary Statements
(c) Examples: Involuntary Statements
§10-7 Statements After Unlawful Arrest
§10-8 Impeachment with Inadmissible Statements
§10-9 Use of Defendant's Silence and Failure to Testify
(a) Defendant's Silence
(b) Defendant's Failure to Testify
§10-10 Use of Defendant's Prior Testimony and Plea Discussion Statements
§10-11 Use of Co-Defendants' Statements
§10-12 Statements Made During Mental Examinations

CH. 11
CONSPIRACY & SOLICITATION
§11-1 Conspiracy
§11-2 Solicitation

CH. 12
CONTEMPT OF COURT
§12-1 Generally
§12-2 Conduct of Counsel
§12-3 Violating Court Orders
§12-4 Other Conduct

CH. 13
COUNSEL
§13-1 Right to Counsel
(a) Generally
(b) Counsel of One's Choice
(c) Indigency
§13-2 Waiver of Counsel
§13-3 Attorney Fees and Costs
§13-4 Effective Assistance of Counsel
>
(a) Generally
(b) Examples: Counsel Not Ineffective
(c) Examples: Ineffective Counsel
§13-5 Conflict of Interest
(a) Representation of Co-Defendants by One Attorney
(b) Representation of Both Defendant and a Co-Defendant Who Testifies Against Defendant
(c) Representation by Counsel Whose Competency is Challenged by Defendant. . . . . . . . . . . . .
(d) Representation by Counsel With a Connection to the Prosecution
(e) Representation by Counsel With a Connection to an Adverse Party
(f) Representation by a Member of an Office When Another Member Has a Conflict

CH. 14
DEATH PENALTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CH. 15
DISCOVERY
§15-1 Generally - Evidence Favorable to Defense
§15-2 Statements of the Defendant
§15-3 Statements of Witnesses
§15-4 List of Witnesses
§15-5 Material to Impeach Witnesses
>
(a) Generally
(b) Obligation to Correct Misleading Testimony
§15-6 Informers
§15-7 Police Reports
§15-8 Physical Evidence, Photos, Documents, Test Results
§15-9 Transcripts of Prior Proceedings
§15-10 Disclosure by Defendant

CH. 16
DISORDERLY, ESCAPE, RESISTING AND
OBSTRUCTING OFFENSES
§16-1 Disorderly, Bribery and Intimidation Offenses
§16-2 Resisting, Obstructing, and Offenses Against Police Officers
§16-3 Escape
§16-4 "Hate Crimes"

CH. 17
DOUBLE JEOPARDY - COLLATERAL ESTOPPEL
§17-1 Generally
§17-2 When Jeopardy Attaches
§17-3 Dismissals and Mistrials
§17-4 Acquittals
§17-5 Reversals on Appeal
§17-6 Successive Prosecutions
§17-7 Dual Sovereignty
§17-8 Increasing Punishment or Charge
§17-9 Forfeitures and Civil Sanctions

CH. 18
ENTRAPMENT
§18-1 Generally
§18-2 Predisposition
§18-3 Sufficiency of Evidence
(a) Generally
(b) For Entrapment Instructions

CH. 19
EVIDENCE
§19-1 Right to Present Evidence
§19-2 Relevant Evidence
(a) Generally
(b) Examples
(1) Relevant evidence
(2) Irrelevant or unduly prejudicial evidence
§19-3 Limited and Curative Admissibility
§19-4 Direct and Circumstantial Evidence
§19-5 Demonstrative and Physical (Real) Evidence
§19-6 Re-opening Evidence, Rebuttal, Surrebuttal
§19-7 Objections and Offers of Proof
(a) Objections
(b) Offers of Proof
>
§19-8 Evidence of Character
(a) Generally
(b) Defendant's Character
(c) Witness's Character
(d) Complainant's Character
§19-9 Evidence of Escape, Flight, Tampering with Evidence and Witnesses
(a) Escape
(b) Flight
(c) Tampering
§19-10 Out of Court Statements Generally
(a) Definition of Hearsay
(b) Examples: Admissible Testimony
(c) Examples: Inadmissible Testimony
(d) The "Completeness" Doctrine
(e) Testimony About Conversations To Show Police Investigation
§19-11 Admissions; Exculpatory and False Exculpatory Statements
§19-12 Co-Conspirator Statements
§19-13 Dying Declarations
§19-14 Spontaneous Declarations; Corroborative Complaints; Statements Under 725 ILCS 5/115-10
(a) Spontaneous Declarations (Excited Utterances)
(b) Corroborative Complaints
(c) Statements Under 725 ILCS 5/115-10
§19-15 Prior Inconsistent Statements
(a) As Impeachment
(b) As Substantive Evidence
§19-16 Prior Consistent Statements
§19-17 Prior Statements of Identification
§19-18 Testimony From Prior Proceedings
§19-19 Statements Against Penal Interest
§19-20 Statements Concerning State of Mind
§19-21 Statements to Treating Physicians
§19-22 Judicial Notice
(a) Generally
(b) Proper Judicial Notice
(c) Improper Judicial Notice
§19-23 Opinion Testimony
(a) Opinions of Lay Witnesses
(b) Opinions of Expert Witnesses
§19-24 Other Crimes Evidence
(a) General Rules
(b) Examples
(1) Generally
(2) Modus Operandi, Common Scheme or Design
(3) Intent, Knowledge, Absence of Mistake
(4) Identity; Connecting Defendant to the Crime Charged
(5) Motive
(6) Time and Place Proximity
(7) Consciousness of Guilt
(8) Circumstances of Arrest; Narrative of Crime
(9) Details of Other Crimes
(c) Evidence Suggesting Other Criminal Conduct
§19-25 Photographs
§19-26 Privileged Communications
(a) Marital Privilege
(b) Attorney-Client Privilege
(c) Physician and Therapist Privileges
(d) Other Privileged Communications
§19-27 Scientific Evidence
(a) General
(b) Finger and Shoe Prints
(c) Polygraph
(d) Hypnotically Enhanced Evidence
(e) Ballistics & Firearms
(f) Handwriting
(g) Blood; Hair; DNA
§19-28 Writings
(a) Best Evidence Rule
(b) Business and Public Records
(c) Summaries
(d) Refreshing Recollection
(e) Past Recollection Recorded

CH. 20
EXTRADITION

CH. 21
FITNESS TO STAND TRIAL

CH. 22
FORGERY

CH. 23
GAMBLING

CH. 24
GUILTY PLEAS
§24-1 Generally
§24-2 Waiver of Counsel
§24-3 Plea Bargaining
§24-4 Unfulfilled Promises
§24-5 Voluntary Pleas
§24-6 Admonishments
(a)Generally
(b) Nature of Charge
(c)Rights to Plead Not Guilty, Go to Trial, and Confront Witnesses
(d) Possible Sentence
§24-7 Factual Basis
§24-8 Motion to Vacate Plea or Reconsider Sentence; Appeal
(a) Generally
(b) Procedure on Motion
(1) Generally
(2) Counsel's Failure to File Certificate
§24-9 Guilty Plea as Waiver of Errors

CH. 25
HOME INVASION

CH. 26
HOMICIDE
§26-1 Murder (First Degree Murder)
§26-2 Felony Murder
§26-3 Attempt Murder
§26-4 Voluntary Manslaughter (Second Degree Murder)
(a) Generally
(b) Instructions
§26-5 Involuntary Manslaughter - Reckless Homicide
(a) Generally
(b) Instructions
§26-6 Concealment of Homicidal Death
§26-7 Justified Use of Force
(a) Generally
(b) Instructions

CH. 27
IDENTIFICATION
§27-1 Identification Procedures Generally
§27-2 Right to Counsel
§27-3 Photographic Identification
§27-4 Independent Basis - Reliable Identifications
§27-5 Suppression Hearings

CH. 28
INDICTMENTS, INFORMATIONS, COMPLAINTS
§28-1 Manner of Charging - Discretion in Bringing Charges
§28-2 Grand Jury Proceedings
§28-3 Dismissal of Charges
§28-4 Sufficiency of Charge
(a) Generally
(b) In Charging Offense (Also See Substantive Offense)
§28-5 Amendment of

CH. 29
INSANITY - MENTALLY ILL - INTOXICATION
§29-1 Insanity
(a) Generally
(b) Burden of Proof - Sufficiency of Evidence
(c) Decisions Under Prior Law
§29-2 Intoxication
§29-3 Involuntary Commitment
§29-4 Guilty But Mentally Ill

CH. 30
JUDGE
§30-1 Conduct and Comments of
(a) Generally
(b) Questioning Witnesses
§30-2 Bench Trials
(a) Generally
(b) Presumption Judge Considered Only Proper Evidence
(c) Considering Matters Outside the Record; Private Investigations and Experiments
§30-3 Substitution of Judge
(a) Generally
(b) For Cause
(c) As a Matter of Right

CH. 31 JURY
§31-1 Right to Jury Trial
§31-2 Number of Jurors - Unanimous Verdicts
§31-3 Waiver of Jury
(a) Generally
(b) Withdrawal of Jury Waiver; Timely Waiver
§31-4 Selection of Jury
(a) Voir Dire Generally
(b) Exclusion of Jurors Based on Race or Sex
(c) "Batson" Hearings
(1) Generally
(2) Prima Facie Showing
(3) Neutral Explanations
§31-5 Impartial Jury
(a) Generally
(b) Publicity
§31-6 Communication with Jury; Jury Examination of Evidence
(a) Questions from Jury; Jury Review of Evidence
(b) Jury Considering Matters Not in Evidence
(c) Communication with Jury
§31-7 Sequestration of Jury
§31-8 Instructions to Jury
(a) General Rules
(b) Burden of Proof; Presumption of Innocence
(c) Conflicting Instructions
(d) Admissions - Confessions
(e) Affirmative Defenses
(f) Circumstantial Evidence
(g) Defendant's Failure to Testify
(h) Evidence Admitted for Limited Purpose
(i) Lesser Included Offenses
(j) Witness Credibility; Accomplice Testimony
(k) "Deadlock" Instructions; Inquiries About Reaching a Verdict
§31-9 Polling of Jury

CH. 32
JUVENILE PROCEEDINGS
§32-1 Transfer Procedures
§32-2 Petitions, Hearings, Adjudications
§32-3 Probation and Supervision
§32-4 Miscellaneous Matters

CH. 33
KIDNAPPING, UNLAWFUL RESTRAINT AND RELATED OFFENSES
§33-1 Kidnapping and Aggravated Kidnapping
§33-2 Unlawful Restraint
§33-3 Child Abduction

CH. 34
NARCOTICS (CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES; CANNABIS)
§34-1 Generally
§34-2 Charging Offenses
§34-3 Trial
(a) Generally
(b) Proving Nature of ubstance
(c) Proving Possession and Intent to Deliver
(1) Proof of Possession
(2) Proof of Intent to Deliver
§34-4 Fines
§34-5 Forfeiture and Civil Sanctions

CH. 35
OBSCENITY
§35-1 Generally
§35-2 Illinois Statute

CH. 36
ONE ACT - ONE CRIME

CH. 37
PAROLE

CH. 38
PERJURY

CH. 39
PRELIMINARY HEARING
§39-1 Preliminary Hearing Upon Filing of Information
§39-2 Preliminary Hearing Upon Warrantless Arrest

CH. 40
PROBATION, PERIODIC IMPRISONMENT, CONDITIONAL DISCHARGE & SUPERVISION
§40-1 Generally
§40-2 Denial Of
§40-3 Conditions Of
§40-4 Revocation Of
§40-5 Sentencing After Revocation

CH. 41
PROSECUTOR
§41-1 Conduct and Comments Generally
§41-2 Comments in Opening Statements
§41-3 Misstatements of the Law
§41-4 Misstatements of the Evidence
§41-5 Comments About the Possible Sentences
§41-6 Comments About Excluded Evidence, Evidence Not Offered and Rulings of the Judge
§41-7 Continuing With Arguments or Questions After Objection is Sustained
§41-8 Voicing Opinion
§41-9 Comments on Defendant's Failure to Testify
§41-10 Comments on Defendant's Failure to Call Witnesses
§41-11 Comments About Witnesses
§41-12 Comments About the Defendant
§41-13 Comments About Defense Counsel
§41-14 Racial Comments
§41-15 Comments About the Victim and Victim's Family

CH. 42
RAPE

CH. 43
REASONABLE DOUBT
§43-1 General Rules
§43-2 Function of Trier of Fact - Believing or Disregarding Testimony
§43-3 Presumptions - Affirmative Defenses
§43-4 Circumstantial Evidence - Presence at Crime Scene
§43-5 Conflicting, Confusing, Unbelievable Testimony
§43-6 Doubtful Identification
§43-7 Accomplice Testimony
§43-8 Variance

CH. 44
ROBBERY
§44-1 Generally
§44-2 Proof of Dangerous Weapon

CH. 45
SEARCH AND SEIZURE
§45-1 General Principles
(a) The Exclusionary Rule and Its Exceptions
(b) "Special Needs" Searches (Students, Random Drug Tests, etc.)
(c) Miscellaneous
§45-2 Expectation of Privacy; Standing
§45-3 Searches by Private Individuals
§45-4 Stop and Frisk
(a) Generally
(b) Grounds for Stop
(c) Grounds for Frisk; Scope of Frisk
(d) Airport and Terminal Stops
§45-5 Arrest Requirements
(a) Generally
(b) Probable Cause
(c) Need for Warrant
(1) Generally
(2) Warrantless Arrest Justified
(3) Warrantless Arrest Improper
§45-6 Probable Cause
(a) Generally
(b) Effect of Delay
(c) Hearsay
(1) Informer Information
(2) Information From Other Police Officers
(3) Information From "Average Citizen"
(d) Examples: Probable Cause
(e) Examples: Lack of Probable Cause
§45-7 Warrant Requirements
(a) Generally
(b) Complaint Alleging Facts
(c) Neutral and Detached Judge
(d) Description of Place or Person to be Searched
(e) Description of Items to be Seized
(f) Attacking the Truth of the Complaint
§45-8 Execution of Warrants
(a) Manner of Entry
(b) Scope of Search
(c) Miscellaneous
§45-9 When Search Warrant Necessary
§45-10 Plain View Doctrine
(a) Generally
(b) Items Lawfully Viewed
(c) Immediately Apparent Item is Evidence
§45-11 Consent Searches
(a) Generally
(b) Consent by Third Parties
§45-12 Motor Vehicle Searches
(a) Stopping of Vehicles Generally
(b) Automobile Exception ("Carroll Doctrine")
(c) Searches After Minor Traffic Stops
§45-13 Searches Incident to Arrest
§45-14 Inventory Searches
§45-15 Administrative Searches
§45-16 Open Fields - Abandoned Property
§45-17 Eavesdropping
§45-18 Fruits of Poisonous Tree
§45-19 Suppression Motions and Hearings
(a) Timeliness - Subsequent Motions
(b) Burden of Proof - Evidence
(c) Findings at Hearing

CH. 46
SENTENCING
§46-1 Construction and Validity of Statutes
(a) Generally
(b) Effective Date
(c) Due Process and Proportionate Sentencing (eff. June 1, 2002)
(1) Generally
(2) Apprendi
§46-2 Sentencing Hearing - Presentence Report
§46-3 Evidence; Aggravating and Mitigating Factors
(a) Generally
(b) Conduct Not Resulting in Conviction
(c) Reversed Convictions
(d) Factors Inherent in the Offense
(e) Perjury and Lack of Remorse
(f) Increasing Sentence Because Defendant Went to Trial
(g) Other Proper and Improper Factors
(h) Reasons for the Sentence
(1) Generally
(2) Misapprehension of Authorized Sentence
§46-4 Restitution and Fines
(a) Restitution
(b) Fines
§46-5 Court Costs
§46-6 Drug Abuse Treatment
§46-7 Consecutive Sentences
(a) Generally
(b) Mandatory Consecutive Sentences
§46-8 Habitual Criminal; Extended Terms; Enhanced Penalties
(a) Generally
(b) Habitual Criminal
(c) Extended Term
(1) Generally
(2) "Brutal and Heinous"
(d) Enhanced Penalties
§46-9 Delay in Execution of Sentence
§46-10 Modification of Sentence by Trial Judge
§46-11 Appellate Review of Sentences Generally
§46-12 Excessive Sentences
(a) Sentences Found Excessive
(b) Sentences Not Excessive
§46-13 Disparity in Sentences
(a) Improper Disparity
(b) No Improper Disparity
§46-14 Unauthorized Sentences
§46-15 Sentence Credit
(a) Generally
(b) For Time Awaiting Trial
(c) On Resentencing
(d) Against Fine
§46-16 Resentencing


CH. 47
SEX OFFENSES
§47-1 Generally
(a) Right to Confrontation
(b) Rape Shield Statute
(c) Miscellaneous
§47-2 Criminal Sexual Assault and Abuse Offenses
§47-3 Decisions under Prior Law
(a) Rape and Deviate Sexual Assault
(b) Indecent Liberties; Contributing to Sexual Delinquency
§47-4 Other Sex Related Offenses
§47-6 Sexually Dangerous Persons Act

CH. 48
SPEEDY TRIAL
§48-1 Generally
(a) Constitutional Right
(b) Statutory Right
§48-2 Delay in Commencing Prosecution
§48-3 "In Custody" on Multiple Charges
§48-4 Release From Custody; Dismissal of Charge
§48-5 Extending the Statutory Term
§48-6 Delay Attributed to Defendant
§48-7 Delay Not Attributable to Defendant
§48-8 Delay Prior to Retrials

CH. 49
STATUTES
§49-1 Statutory Construction
§49-2 Effective Date - Ex Post Facto
§49-3 Constitutionality of Statutes
(a) Generally
(b) Vague - Overbroad
(c) Classifications
(d) Right of Privacy
(e) Right of Assembly
(f) Abusive Language
(g) News Media Cases
(h) Government Loyalty and Flag Desecration
(i) Separation of Powers
CH. 50
THEFT AND OTHER PROPERTY OFFENSES
§50-1 Generally
§50-2 Receiving Stolen Property
§50-3 Value of Property
§50-4 Ownership of Property
§50-5 Inference From Possession of Recently Stolen Property
§50-6 Deceptive Practices
§50-7 Enhancement of Misdemeanor to Felony

CH. 51
TRAFFIC OFFENSES
§51-1 Generally
§51-2 Driving Under the Influence
(a) Generally
(b) Sufficiency of the Evidence
(c) Blood-Alcohol Tests - Implied Consent

CH. 52
TRIAL JOINDER AND SEVERANCE
§52-1 Joinder of Codefendants
§52-2 Joinder of Charges

CH. 53
TRIAL PROCEDURES
§53-1 Public Trials
§53-2 Defendant's Right to be Present
(a) Generally
(b) Trial Where Defendant Absents Himself
§53-3 Physical Restraints - Jail Clothing
§53-4 Right to Present Argument
§53-5 Interpreters
§53-6 Continuances
§53-7 Post-Trial Motions

CH. 54
UNLAWFUL USE OF WEAPONS
§54-1 Generally
§54-2 Felony Based on Prior Conviction
§54-3 Proof of Possession
§54-4 Proof of Concealed Weapon
§54-5 Exemptions
(a) Inaccessible or "Broken Down" Weapon
(b) On Own Land or In Own Abode
(c) Other Exemptions


CH. 55
VENUE & JURISDICTION
CH. 56
VERDICTS
§56-1 General Verdicts
§56-2 Inconsistent Verdicts
§56-3 Multiple Convictions Based on the Same Conduct
(a) General Rule
(b) Multiple Convictions Upheld
(c) Multiple Convictions Improper
§56-4 Impeachment of Verdicts

CH. 57
WAIVER - PLAIN ERROR - HARMLESS ERROR
§57-1 General Rules
§57-2 Issues Held to be Waived
§57-3 Issues Not Waived
§57-4 Plain Error
§57-5 Harmless Error
(a) Generally
(b) Examples: Harmless Error
(c) Examples: Error Not Harmless

CH. 58
WITNESSES
§58-1 Obtaining and Calling Witnesses
§58-2 Exclusion of Witnesses
§58-3 Competency of Witnesses
§58-4 Court and Hostile Witnesses
§58-5 Examination of Witnesses Generally
§58-6 Defendant as Witness
§58-7 Cross-Examination
(a) Generally
(b) Bias, Interest, Motive
(c) "Immoral" Conduct
(d) Use of Drugs
(e) Prior Convictions
(f) Pending Charges
(g) Juvenile Record
(h) Insinuations

TOPICAL INDEX
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